Use it or lose it – Chargeback Alerts

Ask any online direct-to-consumer merchant, and they’ll tell you that  dealing with chargebacks is one of the most challenging aspects of the business. Online sales are always “card not present”, which makes it easier for friendly fraud and chargebacks to occur. Many direct-to-consumer merchants sell subscriptions or trials for their products, which adds to the chargeback risk. Chargebacks result in lost revenue in addition to fees. If your chargeback ratio or counts are too high, your account could be terminated. Put short, chargebacks are an existential threat to your merchant account, and even to your business.

When a customer initiates a chargeback with their bank, the merchant is the last to know. By the time the merchant receives the chargeback notice, the chargeback has already been accepted by the customer’s bank. At that point, the merchant has two options: 1) accept the chargeback or 2) fight the chargeback.

What if there were a third option? What if you could stop a chargeback from occurring in the first place? You could avoid the chargeback fee and the blemish the chargeback creates on your record as a merchant. This is the power of alerts. Ethoca (owned by MasterCard) and Verifi (owned by Visa) are chargeback alert systems that listen to the card brand networks for chargebacks associated with your merchant account. They do this by ‘listening’ for chargebacks that have a transaction descriptor matching yours.

When the consumer initiates a chargeback, an alert is sent to the merchant, providing a window of time for the merchant to respond to the chargeback before the issuing bank has decided to initiate the chargeback. If a refund is made (or the consumer rescinds the chargeback) before the chargeback process is initiated, then there will be no chargeback. While the merchant may lose revenue due to the refunded transaction, there will be no chargeback fee and most importantly, no chargeback.

The chargeback ecosystem continues to evolve as the major card brands search for ways to reduce the financial and reputational strain that chargebacks put on the system. Visa launched Order Insight back in 2017 as an additional way to prevent chargebacks. Visa Order Insight allows customer service reps at the customer’s acquiring bank to locate transactional detail from the merchant’s CRM when a customer opens a dispute. By reviewing the transaction with the customer, a chargeback may be avoided if the consumer recalls making the purchase.

In an ideal world, the consumer would be able to call the merchant’s customer support team and have any issue resolve. While this does occur sometimes, it is often easier and more familiar for the customer to call the bank for a refund. With Visa Order Insight, the customer doesn’t have to call the merchant. The bank can access the transaction details and provide it to the customer instantly, and during that critical moment when the customer is asking to open a chargeback.

As a merchant, your credit card processing history becomes your de facto resume to the acquiring banks. Too many chargebacks, and your chances of getting additional processing volume or an account with a new bank can be put in jeopardy.

The fee for alerts like Ethoca and Verifi is usually around $40 per alert. Some merchants chose not to use alerts due to the cost. They view the alerts as an unnecessary cost. This short sighted approach invariably ends in merchant account terminations. If only someone had told these merchants that the real threat, the real cost is the termination. When a merchant account is terminated, reserve funds and batches are held (sometimes to the tune of tens of thousands of dollars) and the merchant may not be able to get another merchant account. Whats more, if you sell subscription products and lose your merchant account due to chargebacks, you could be left holding the bag with a pile of payables and no revenue to take care of them. Smart merchants on the other hand use alerts, CDRN and ever other tactic they can to prevent chargebacks

Be smart, use alerts.

Understanding Credit Card Processing Statement Fees

In order to accurately read your merchant processing statement, it is important to understand that three parties are being paid for every transaction conducted. The first party is the major card brands, Visa, Mastercard, etc. These fees are called “card brand assessments” and they are 0.13-0.14% + $0.0155-$0.0195 per transaction. The second party is the card holder’s bank; this fee is called “interchange” and the fee varies based on the card type used (debit, credit, rewards card, etc) and how the transaction took place (online vs in person). Interchange rates range between 0% + $0.10 to as high as 2.70% + $0.10 per transaction. Debit and bank cards fall into the lowest tiers on the interchange rate tables, while rewards cards and international cards are in the higher tiers. Likewise, card present transactions are in the lowest interchange tiers, while card not present transactions (online, over the phone) are in the higher tiers. Visa’s current interchange rate table is available here as a guide.

The final party that is compensated is your merchant processor. The fees assessed by your processor will vary based on the billing model used, and the fees here vary widely; from 0.1% to as high as 5% on top of interchange and card brand assessments.

Pricing Models

There are three pricing models used by merchant processors: flat rate, interchange plus and tiered. Flat rate is simple and the easiest to understand. With flat rate billing, your merchant processor will assess a single rate (i.e. 3.99% + $0.25/transaction). The card brand assessment and interchange are deducted from this, and your processor keeps anything left over. Depending on the processing rate, flat rate billing can be the most costly billing model for your business.

With interchange-plus pricing, your merchant processor assesses their own separate fee, on top of interchange and the card brand assessment. Interchange-plus is the most transparent and cost effective method of billing, but is not always available as an option, particularly for high risk merchants.

The third method, tiered pricing, breaks up interchange into three tiers and assesses a rate to each tier. The tiers are qualified (lowest rate), mid-qualified, and non-qualified (highest rate). Generally tiered pricing for high risk merchants will look something like:

  • Qualified (aka Qual): 3.95% + $0.25
  • Mid-Qualified (aka mid-qual): 4.45% + $0.25
  • Non-Qualified (aka non-qual): 5.45% + $0.25


Depending on the type of card and how the transaction took place, your transactions will be priced in one of these three tiers. For online merchants, most transactions will fall into the mid or non-qual tiers; card not present transactions will just not qualify for the qual tier due to their heightened risk.
So, to read your statement accurately, you need to know what your rate is. The easiest way to find this is to refer to your original merchant account application. You’ll want to note your billing model (flat rate, interchange plus, or tiered) and the rate your processor is charging you.

Other Fees

The discount rate and per transaction fees discussed above comprise the majority of the cost for processing your transaction, but there are other fees and assessments to consider.

Statement fee
Most processors assess a monthly processing fee for statements. The monthly statement fee is usually around $10 and is for the administration required to produce and deliver your statement.

Batch settlement fee
At the end of each day, all your transactions are ground together in a batch and settled to your bank account. Your batch settlement fee is assessed for every day there are transactions to settle. The batch fee is normally under $0.50 per batch.

Chargeback fee
A chargeback fee is assessed for every chargeback on your merchant account. Normally, chargeback fees range from $25-$45 per chargeback. In cases where chargebacks have exceeded the processor’s threshold, the processor may assess an additional fee for chargebacks that have exceeded the threshold.

AVS Authorization fee
AVS (Address Verification Service) is a service that checks the cardholder’s address on file against the address submitted with the transaction. This service is used to reduce fraud, is assessed on a per transaction basis, and is usually $0.10-$0.15 per transaction.

Application fee
Depending on your processor’s application policy, you may be assessed a one-time application fee. Application fees are normally $50-$100.

PCI non-compliance fee
PCI compliance is an annual check on security and practices for your organization. Every year, merchants must complete a PCI audit in order to remain in compliance with the Payment Card Industry regulations. If you have not completed your annual PCI compliance or are non-compliant, your processor may assess a monthly fee for non compliance.

Chargebacks, refunds, reserve and any other adjustments
In addition to fees, your statement may show other adjustments, depending on your activity. Refunds and charged-back transactions, for example, will be shown as deductions on your statement. Depending on your merchant account agreement, you may also be required to hold some funds in reserve to off set the risk to your processor. Reserves are deducted from your batches and held in a separate, non-interest-bearing account until maturity.

How to Read Your Statement

Merchant processing statements vary widely with how fees and assessments are presented. With your current payment processing rates in hand (see above), you are prepared to wade through your processing statement. The key areas to check are as follows:

Processing summary
Your processing summary usually appears at the beginning of your statement and will show the gross sales processed, the total fees charged, and total assessments.

Fees charged
Your statement will most likely show a daily account of fees and assessments. Looking through your batches, you’ll see the details behind your billing, including the interchange tier used to price the transactions.

The detailed view of fees can be a bit cumbersome to analyze. It may be more useful to check the fees summary, which usually appears at the end of your merchant processing statement.

Chargebacks and Reversals
Chargebacks and refunds that are deducted from your batches will appear in a separate section of your statement, because these are not fees, but refunds to your customers.

Additional Help is Available

If you have any questions about how to read your statement, feel free to contact us through email, live chat, or call 888-927-4026.

2020: The Year of Ecommerce

Looking back at 2020 we can say it was the year that everything changed. We all had to adapt to new rules; new ways of doing the simplest things. Covid-19 also ushered in a new era in consumer behaviour, and according to studies, most consumers will continue to shop online even after the pandemic is over. In 2020, many consumers preferred to shop from their armchair, rather than from the aisle in their grocery store. As consumer behavior changed due to the pandemic, players like Instacart and Drizzly, seized the opportunity to grab more market share.

As companies shifted to ecommerce sales, some merchants have seen an increase in chargeback activity. A chargeback occurs when a consumer contacts their bank for a refund, rather than contacting the merchant to resolve a dispute. Chargebacks can threaten the existence of your merchant account and increase costs. For most, the increase in revenue and ability to stay in business during one of the most economically disruptive times recent history has been well worth the headache of added chargebacks. The shift to ecommerce looks like it is here to stay. So, roll up your sleeves and make sure your company is prepared to prevent and respond to chargebacks.

Chargeback response provider, Midigator, recently analyzed the primary causes of chargebacks and the best methods to prevent and fight chargebacks. We will look at the most common causes of chargebacks and what you can do to minimize their impact on your bottom line.

Why do chargebacks happen?

Chargebacks happen when transactions are disputed and the consumer seeks a resolution with their bank, rather than talking it out with the merchant. The most common reasons for chargebacks are fraud, cardholder disputes, authorization issues, and processing errors. Chargebacks are simply more common in a card-not-present environment (like ecommerce) because it is easier for fraudsters to place orders, and sadly, makes it easier for consumers to file spurious chargebacks with their banks. This is called friendly fraud, and it is quite common.

When a chargeback occurs, the cardholder’s bank assigns a reason code to each chargeback before sending it to the merchant. Often, the reason code assignment is based on limited knowledge and insight, which can lead to chargebacks being coded as “fraud” instead of a more accurate reason. The second highest category for chargebacks is “cardholder dispute”. Here are the numbers by reason code and card brand, according to Midigator:

In 2020, 76.32% of Visa’s disputes are generated by fraud and only 21.71% by cardholder’s disputes. The figures reported for Mastercard are similar, with 77.5% fraud and 19.59% cardholder’s disputes.

Another reason code is now available; reason code 10.4 (Other Fraud – Card Absent Environment). Now, chargeback responses need to contain evidence that proves the cardholder’s identity was verified. This can be done with positive matches from address verification service (AVS), card security code (CVV), and 3D Secure (Verified by Visa and Mastercard’s SecureCode). Using these verification technologies in conjunction with a third party specialised in chargeback response, like Midigator, is the best way to reduce the impact of chargebacks on your business. Using a chargeback response provider can improve your chargeback win rates, revenue recovery, and even your reputation. This is absolutely money well spent.

What tools are the most effective at preventing fraud and chargebacks?

Some tools, like AVS and CVV, have been in wide-spread use for many years. So, it’s no surprise that many merchants use them. What’s more, tools like 3DS (3D Secure) are seeing more wide-spread use. If you would like to learn more about how 3DS works to eliminate friendly fraud related chargebacks, you can checkout our article about 3D Secure here.

What is in store for 2021 and beyond?

In 2020, two prevention techniques offered by Midigator, chargeback prevention alerts and order validation tools (VMPI, Order Insight, and Consumer Clarity) enabled merchants to resolve nearly half of all disputes before they progressed to costly and damaging chargebacks. Considering the very low threshold for chargebacks that Visa and Mastercard have (under 1% AND less than 100 chargebacks per month), being able to cut your chargebacks in half is a game changer.

Midigator’s services are based on advanced automation and easy-to-use workflows, so the technology makes it easy for merchants to scale their process as chargeback volume increase. It also means that merchants could keep revenue recovery as a top priority. By handing over your chargeback response process to an experienced partner, you can immediately employ best practices for chargeback prevention/response and focus on growing your business.

How to Accept Cryptocurrency for Payment

Unless you’ve been living  under a rock, you’ve probably seen the daily headlines about Bitcoin and other crypto currencies. Since it’s launch in 2009, Bitcoin has been making headlines for it’s growth and volatility. 

What we don’t hear about as much, is the actual use case for Bitcoin. In April, Tesla announced that it would accept Bitcoin for payment. While that decision has since been rescinded (due to environmental concerns that conflicted with the Company’s ethos), it is true that Bitcoin and other “alt coins” are being used everyday for payment.

Bitcoin is the flagship crypto currency, but there are many others, with different attributes, uses and audiences. Bitcoin (BTC), Bitcoin Cash (BCH), Etherium (ETH), and Litecoin (LTC) are most commonly used for payment of consumer goods.

Currently, if you want to accept payment in Bitcoin, or another crypto-currency, you’ll need to have a crypto-currency account to receive those payments. Vendors like Bitpay, CoinBase Commerce, and CoinPayments offer platforms and integration to accept crypto-currency for your products. While these platforms allow for integration with some common shopping carts, the checkout experience is not integrated with other forms of payment (namely the major card brands, Visa, Mastercard, Amex and Discover).

Visa and Mastercard both announced earlier this year that they will be testing crypto currency acceptance soon. Visa has partnered with Crypto.com to facilitate the settlement of transactions in USD Coin (USDC). USD Coin is a stablecoin backed by the US dollar. Consumers can pay in their local fiat currency, like dollars, pounds and euros and the merchant can choose to have the funds from the transaction settled in USDC.

While this may seem like a small thing, this move signals the willingness of the major card brands to move into digital currency. The support of crypto by Visa and Mastercard will undoubtedly help to bring digital payments mainstream, making it more secure and accessible for merchants and consumers.

How You Can Prevent Being Put on the MATCH List

In payment processing being on MATCH List is very bad news. Being put on MATCH (or TMF) puts a black mark on your record, which can prevent you from being able to accept credit cards for payment for up to 5 years. Here are some tips and tricks to avoid being put on the dreaded MATCH list.

MATCH List (Member Alert to Control High-Risk Merchants) or TMF (Terminated Merchant File) it is a safety net used by credit card processing companies to secure their merchant portfolio by avoiding merchants with high-risk accounts or excessive chargebacks. When a merchant violates card brand rules, the merchant’s acquiring bank may, at its discretion, terminate the merchant AND place the merchant on the MATCH list.

Once you are “MATCHED”, your merchant account must be terminated. In fact, every merchant account that you have must be terminated, according to card brand rules. Additionally, you will not be able to open a new merchant account for five years after being put on MATCH.

What infractions will result in a MATCH or TMF listing? While there are many possible reasons that you can be placed on the MATCH list, one of the most common is having as high chargeback rate. More often however, it takes an egregious infraction (i.e., fraud) to land you on the MATCH list. The following list was created by MasterCard to help acquiring banks classify MATCH listings:

01 Account Data Compromise – A merchant facilitated the unauthorized use or disclosure of account information accidentally.

02 Common Point of Purchase (CPP) – A merchant intentionally facilitated the unauthorized use or disclosure of account information.

03 Laundering – A merchant gave its acquirer purchase records that were invalid transactions for sales of items or services between the business and the individual who holds the card.

04 Excessive Chargebacks – “Excessive chargebacks” (as per MasterCard rules) means a chargeback ratio that surpassed 1% and the sum of all chargebacks was greater than $5,000. For American Express acquiring banks, a merchant must surpass 100 chargebacks and have a chargeback ratio more than 1%.

05 Excessive Fraud – A merchant had fake or other types of fraudulent transactions that met or surpassed the minimum reporting standard. This implies that the business’ fraud to sales volume ratio was greater than 8% in a single month and the merchant had 10 or more fraudulent transactions that equalled $5,000 in one given month.

06 Unused – The merchant account is not being used.

07 Fraud Conviction – The merchant’s principal owner was convicted of criminal fraud.

08 Mastercard Questionable Merchant Audit Program – The merchant matches the criteria laid out in the MasterCard Questionable Merchant Audit Program.

09 Bankruptcy/Liquidation/Insolvency

10 Violation of Standards – The merchant broke one of the standards and procedures required when a payment card is used.

11 Merchant Collusion – The merchant was involved in an illegal conspiracy to commit fraud.

12 PCI-DSS Non-compliance – The merchant failed to comply with Payment Card Industry (PCI) Data Security Standard requirements.

13 Illegal Transactions – The merchant was involved in Illegal Transactions.

14 Identity Theft – The identity of the merchant was illegally assumed to join into an unlawful merchant agreement.

So, there are many reasons that your acquiring bank can place you on the MATCH or TMF lists. In my experience, acquirers that don’t specialize in ‘high-risk’ merchant accounts (i.e. Stripe, Braintree, etc) sometimes do place merchants on MATCH for chargebacks. In rare instances, proper high-risk acquirers may place merchants on MATCH for very high chargebacks.

If you landed on the MATCH list, it is possible to be removed. The acquiring bank that put you on MATCH is the only party that can remove you from the list. If you feel that you were placed on match unfairly, you can plead your case with the acquirer and request de-listing. If that doesn’t work, there are attorneys that specifically handle MATCH delisting.

Hopefully, the only MATCH list reason you need to worry about is excessive chargebacks. Maintaining a low chargeback ratio and count will help to keep your merchant account healthy, prevent MATCH listing and improve your profit margins. So educate yourself about preventing chargebacks with tools like 3DSecure and alerts and make it your goal to keep your merchant account clean and healthy this year.

Why is Using High-Risk Merchant Services Best For Your CBD Company

Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the many chemical compounds from the Cannabis sativa plant. These plants are popularly known as marijuana or hemp. Unlike tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main ingredient in marijuana that causes the high, CBD is non-psychoactive. It is now gaining popularity for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pain-relieving benefits.

CBD’s legalization

More people can reap the benefits of CBD thanks to the 2018 Farm Bill that was signed into law by Donald Trump. Before this law, the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) did not acknowledge specific differences between marijuana and hemp—and these products have been controlled by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), according to Principal Deputy Commissioner Amy Abernethy’s testimony.

The 2018 Farm Bill removed hemp, which includes low-THC derivatives of cannabis, such as CBD products, from the definition of marijuana in the CSA. Through this, a variety of CBD products are slowly making their way in the market, from oils, tinctures, vapes, and edibles to lotions, balms, and concentrates. 

Federal Regulations On CBD Products

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has authority over CBD products. This means that CBD for sale in the market must meet all the requirements and standards as other FDA-regulated products. 

For them to be permissible in the market, CBD products must not contain more than 0.3% THC. When it comes to packaging, labeling, and advertising, CBD companies must observe FDA regulations. CBD businesses must state honest claims and provide transparent information about the products. 

The CBD industry also faces some challenges with the federal regulations. One of which is that the states can stop hemp production if they see the need for it. This means that at any given time, CBD companies may lose suppliers. Another challenge stems from this, as there are uncertainties with shipping CBD products across states. 

For the longest time, CBD products have still been considered illegal and are still commonly associated with marijuana; this causes the unnecessary stigma around it. In addition to that, because CBD’s legalization is only recent, most of the regulations around it are vague and are still subject to change. Due to these challenges, the CBD industry is considered by the government and financial institutions as high-risk. 

Merchants belonging to the high-risk industry are believed to attract a high number of commercial disputes or chargebacks and legal restrictions. This means that these industries, including CBD, won’t work with traditional merchants for their transactions. 

Using High-Risk Merchant Services

Most financial institutions keep away from high-risk businesses to minimize the hassle of disputes and chargebacks that will cost them money and time. Considering that the CBD industry is under the high-risk category, companies should turn to high-risk merchant services to provide payment processing for their sales transactions. High-risk merchant services are designated accounts for businesses considered high-risk by banks.

Without high-risk merchant services, CBD companies may need to set a transaction limit per month, pay higher fees for processing payment, or even be denied service fully. Aside from the fact that these merchants are designed to cater to high-risk businesses, here are some reasons why CBD companies best opt for high-risk merchant services: 

Chargeback assistance 

High-risk merchants are not too strict with chargebacks as compared to traditional ones. Traditional merchants would terminate an account after reaching a certain amount of chargebacks. 

Given that these high-risk merchants are aware of the possibilities for disputes, they are prepared to accommodate high-risk companies with a lesser chance of account termination. 

High-risk merchants can detect any potential problem and have set preventive measures to lessen the impact on the company. Most high-risk merchants would require a reserve account to prevent these chargebacks from negative effects to the business. It may be an additional cost, but high-risk companies must keep their businesses secure. 

Stronger Security Measures

Given that CBD companies are high-risk, it is of utmost importance that all payment transactions are inspected and made secure. Most of the high-risk merchants utilize a secure strategy to detect a fraudulent card or transaction. Through this, the company is protected as well as the customers and cardholders.

No cap transactions 

Traditional merchants may limit transactions to the country where the business is. Working with high-risk merchants opens the chances for transactions with multiple currencies all over the world. 

This is also a good opportunity to take advantage of selling online which is starting to be the trend these days. Aside from this, most high-risk merchants do not have limitations per month, and businesses can freely transact as they please. 

Conclusion

The CBD industry is still quite new and confusing, but it is best to choose what will be good for the business in the long run. Partnering with high-risk merchants provides the security any high-risk company needs from possible fraud and chargebacks. It also opens up the company’s opportunity to go global and reach more customers.